{"id":2617,"date":"2022-09-23T21:21:59","date_gmt":"2022-09-23T14:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/?p=2617"},"modified":"2022-09-23T21:21:59","modified_gmt":"2022-09-23T14:21:59","slug":"sieu-am-trong-benh-ly-than-nieu-sinh-duc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/sieu-am-trong-benh-ly-than-nieu-sinh-duc\/","title":{"rendered":"SI\u00caU \u00c2M TRONG B\u1ec6NH L\u00dd TH\u1eacN – NI\u1ec6U – SINH D\u1ee4C"},"content":{"rendered":"

BS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n Mai<\/b><\/p>\n

*M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU:<\/b><\/p>\n

1. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m trong kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u – sinh d\u1ee5c.<\/b>
\n2. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n – b\u00e0ng quang – ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn – b\u00ecu th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/b>
\n3. N\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 si\u00eau \u00e2m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u – sinh d\u1ee5c.<\/b>
\n4. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n – b\u00e0ng quang – ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn – b\u00ecu b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/b>
\n5. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n – b\u00e0ng quang – ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn – b\u00ecu trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/b><\/p>\n

1. TH\u1eacN:<\/b>
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u tay trong kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1eadn nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, an to\u00e0n, c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd khu tr\u00fa nh\u01b0 s\u1ecfi, nang, \u00e1p xe th\u1eadn\u2026
\nTuy nhi\u00ean, si\u00eau \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1eadn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00edt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng th\u1eadn h\u01b0, vi\u00eam vi c\u1ea7u th\u1eadn\u2026V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.
\n1.1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/b>
\n– C\u01a1n \u0111au b\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5p.
\n– Kh\u1ed1i u v\u00f9ng h\u00f4ng.
\n– R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111i ti\u1ec3u: ti\u1ec3u kh\u00f3, ti\u1ec3u l\u1eaft nh\u1eaft, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ee5c, ti\u1ec3u m\u00e1u\u2026
\n– Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng th\u1eadn.
\n– Cao huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1eadn.
\n– Nghi ng\u1edd c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh.
\n– H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt: d\u1eabn l\u01b0u \u00e1p xe\u2026<\/p>\n

1.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/b>
\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.
\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u: U\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ecbn ti\u1ec3u 30 ph\u00fat \u2013 1gi\u1edd.
\n1.3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng: (h\u00ecnh 1)<\/b>
\n– Bao th\u1eadn: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c
\n– Ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4 th\u1eadn: ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 v\u1ecf – t\u1ee7y th\u1eadn, v\u1ecf th\u1eadn t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m h\u01a1n tu\u1ef7 th\u1eadn
\n– Xoang th\u1eadn: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m (do m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 m\u00f4 li\u00ean k\u1ebft), kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1.4. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd:<\/b>
\n1.4.1. C\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh:<\/b>
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a th\u1eadn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u.
\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:
\n– B\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n th\u1eadn
\n– Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n th\u1eadn
\n– B\u1ec3 th\u1eadn \u0111\u00f4i
\n– Th\u1eadn ph\u1ee5
\n– Th\u1eadn l\u1ea1c ch\u1ed7
\n– Th\u1eadn h\u00ecnh m\u00f3ng ng\u1ef1a
\n– Th\u1eadn xoay b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng
\n– Th\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh thu\u1ef3
\n– Th\u1eadn h\u00ecnh b\u01b0\u1edbu l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n

1.4.2. Th\u1eadn \u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc (d\u00e3n \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn<\/b>)
\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:
\n– Sinh l\u00fd: + B\u00e0ng quang c\u0103ng
\n+ T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ee3i ni\u1ec7u (thu\u1ed1c l\u1ee3i ti\u1ec3u, truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch\u2026)
\n+ Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai.
\n– B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd: + Trong l\u00f2ng \u1ed1ng: s\u1ecfi, m\u00e1u c\u1ee5c, m\u1ee7, m\u00f4 ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed\u2026
\n+ T\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng: u, vi\u00eam, l\u1ea1c n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung, teo h\u1eb9p\u2026
\n+ Ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng: u, vi\u00eam c\u01a1 quan l\u00e2n c\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9:
\n\u0110\u1ed9 I – d\u00e3n nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn.
\n– b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4 th\u1eadn ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i.
\n\u0110\u1ed9 II – d\u00e3n \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.
\n– b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4 th\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m.
\n\u0110\u1ed9 III – \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn d\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nang c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch ho\u00e1
\n– ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4 th\u1eadn teo m\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1.4.3. S\u1ecfi th\u1eadn:<\/b>
\nH\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng
\nKh\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t khi: k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y\/kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng)
\nCh\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: v\u00f4i ho\u00e1 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, v\u00f4i ho\u00e1 nh\u00fa th\u1eadn\u2026
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1.4.4. Nang th\u1eadn:<\/b>
\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nang th\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n:
\n– H\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, th\u00e0nh nang tr\u01a1n l\u00e1ng, r\u00f5 n\u00e9t
\n– D\u1ecbch trong nang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng c\u1eb7n l\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e1ch
\n– C\u00f3 t\u0103ng \u00e2m sau v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng b\u00ean.
\nCh\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: – Th\u1eadn \u0111a nang v\u00e0 th\u1eadn \u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9 III
\n– Nang nhu m\u00f4 th\u1eadn, th\u1eadn \u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 u th\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng nang.<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a>
\n1.4.5. U th\u1eadn:<\/b>
\nL\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 (u c\u01a1 – m\u1ee1 – m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u), gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 (u tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh), ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng tu\u1ef3 theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (ung th\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u2013 RCC)\u2026<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a>Si\u00eau \u00e2m 2D c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u00eam c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sau c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u:
\n– l\u00e0m l\u1ed3i\/\u0111\u1ee9t bao th\u1eadn
\n– ch\u00e8n \u00e9p xoang th\u1eadn
\n– xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft\/ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed b\u00ean trong
\n– v\u00f4i ho\u00e1
\n1.4.6. Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eadn:<\/b>
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i, v\u00ec h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.
\nC\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng:
\n– D\u1eadp nhu m\u00f4: v\u00f9ng t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u00edt r\u00f5
\n– R\u00e1ch nhu m\u00f4: d\u1ea3i t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m
\n– Kh\u1ed1i m\u00e1u t\u1ee5: h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m -> h\u1ed3i \u00e2m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p -> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m.
\n– R\u00e1ch bao th\u1eadn: gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n bao th\u1eadn.
\n– T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u00f3p (si\u00eau \u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh g\u1ee3i \u00fd): m\u00e1u c\u1ee5c \u1edf \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn, v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch d\u1eadp lan \u0111\u1ebfn xoang th\u1eadn, kh\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u \u1edf khoang quanh th\u1eadn\u2026
\n– V\u1ee1 th\u1eadn: m\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb bao th\u1eadn v\u00e0o nhu m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1n th\u1eadn, 2 c\u1ef1c th\u1eadn r\u1eddi xa nhau, h\u1ed3i \u00e2m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu v\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a>
\n1.4.7. Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng th\u1eadn:<\/b>
\nCh\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 test n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u.
\nCh\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 \u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng, c\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt hay t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t.
\nH\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– Vi\u00eam th\u1eadn b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn: t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadn, gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m\u2026
\n– \u00c1p xe th\u1eadn: h\u1ed3i \u00e2m thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5\/kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, ch\u1ee9a d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a>
\n1.4.8. B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd th\u1eadn n\u1ed9i khoa:<\/b>
\nBao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n lan to\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4 th\u1eadn, c\u1ea5p\/m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1eadn.
\nC\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean si\u00eau \u00e2m:
\n– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ecf – t\u1ee7y th\u1eadn do thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed3i \u00e2m
\n– Bao th\u1eadn m\u1ea5t tr\u01a1n l\u00e1ng
\n– Thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadn<\/p>\n

\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a>
\n1.4.9. B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u th\u1eadn: c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m Doppler.<\/b><\/p>\n

2. NI\u1ec6U QU\u1ea2N:<\/b>
\n2.1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7u.<\/b>
\n2.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/b>
\nTrong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, n\u00ean cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ecbn ti\u1ec3u kho\u1ea3ng 30 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ebfn 1 gi\u1edd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadu.
\n2.3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/b>
\nNi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ean si\u00eau \u00e2m \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh khi l\u1ee3i ni\u1ec7u, gi\u00e3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u00f3p. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng (t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m), ch\u1ee9a d\u1ecbch (kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m), kh\u1ea9u k\u00ednh <6mm.
\n2.4. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd:<\/b>
\n2.4.1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p:<\/b>
\n– Ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3: D\u00e3n l\u1edbn ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1eafm v\u00e0o b\u00e0ng quang. Th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo d\u00e3n \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec3 th\u1eadn.
\n– T\u00fai n\u01b0\u1edbc ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n: l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng nang th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng, l\u1ed3i v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng b\u00e0ng quang\/l\u1ed9n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2.4.3. S\u1ecfi ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n:<\/b>
\n– C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng.
\n– Kh\u00f3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t khi \u1edf 1\/3 gi\u1eefa ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n, ho\u1eb7c khi ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e3n.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

2.4.4. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c:<\/b>
\n– M\u00e1u c\u1ee5c trong l\u00f2ng ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n: k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5c m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f4ng.
\n– B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u1edf th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n (u, vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m): d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n khu tr\u00fa\/lan to\u1ea3 (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n u\/vi\u00eam).
\n– B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n (kh\u1ed1i u, \u1ed5 vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m trong \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng\/sau ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c): d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n, ch\u00edt h\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

3. B\u00c0NG QUANG:<\/b>
\n3.1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7u<\/b>
\n3.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/b>
\nU\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ecbn ti\u1ec3u 1 \u2013 2 gi\u1edd.
\n3.3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/b>
\n– Th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 3mm.
\n– N\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u thu\u1ea7n tr\u1ea1ng.
\n– Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3n \u00e2m b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0ng quang.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

3.4. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd:<\/b>
\n3.4.1. B\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng r\u1ed1n – ni\u1ec7u:<\/b>
\n– C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng nang kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng gi\u1eefa r\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u00e0ng quang.
\n3.4.2. Vi\u00eam b\u00e0ng quang:<\/b>
\n– Th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang d\u00e0y lan to\u1ea3 (khu tr\u00fa n\u1ebfu vi\u00eam do k\u00edch th\u00edch), gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m.
\n– N\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t thu\u1ea7n tr\u1ea1ng.
\n– Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ec5\/kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean si\u00eau \u00e2m trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh nh\u1eb9.
\n3.4.3. S\u1ecfi b\u00e0ng quang:<\/b>
\n– T\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng,
\n– Di \u0111\u1ed9ng khi xoay tr\u1edf.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

3.4.4. B\u00e0ng quang th\u1ea7n kinh:<\/b>
\n– Th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang d\u00e0y lan to\u1ea3, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.
\n3.4.5. T\u00fai th\u1eeba b\u00e0ng quang:<\/b>
\n– C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed3i d\u1ea1ng t\u00fai c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng b\u00e0ng quang.
\n– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ecfi, vi\u00eam, ho\u1eb7c u b\u00e0ng quang trong l\u00f2ng t\u00fai.
\n3.4.6. U b\u00e0ng quang:<\/b>
\n– K t\u1ebf b\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp: kh\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t\/kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang, ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang khu tr\u00fa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00f4i ho\u00e1.
\n– K bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn: d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang lan to\u1ea3 d\u1ea1ng th\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

3.4.7. V\u1ee1 b\u00e0ng quang:<\/b>
\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh mang t\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh b\u00e0ng quang, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa d\u1ecbch trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0ng quang v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch trong \u1ed5 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecdng d\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quanh b\u00e0ng quang.
\nTr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u00e0ng quang qua th\u00f4ng ti\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng b\u00e0ng quang v\u00e0 \u1ed5 ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

4. TI\u1ec0N LI\u1ec6T TUY\u1ebeN:<\/b>
\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 qua ng\u1ea3 b\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf \u1edf ch\u1ee7 m\u00f4. V\u00e0 trong khi si\u00eau \u00e2m qua ng\u1ea3 h\u1ed9i \u00e2m \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi qua ng\u1ea3 b\u1ee5ng, c\u00f2n si\u00eau \u00e2m ng\u1ea3 ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng, si\u00eau \u00e2m qua ng\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng (TRUS) ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ni\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00ec cho th\u00f4ng tin r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p sinh thi\u1ebft qua si\u00eau \u00e2m.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh 4.1. Si\u00eau \u00e2m ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn qua ng\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/b>
\n4.1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/b>
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m ng\u1ea3 b\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc TLT k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u.
\nCh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh si\u00eau \u00e2m qua ng\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng:
\n– Th\u0103m kh\u00e1m tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng tay th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng
\n– K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m K TLT: PSA, Acid Phosphatase, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00eanh di c\u0103n.
\n– H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt sinh thi\u1ebft
\n– Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb K TLT.
\n4.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/b>
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m qua ng\u1ea3 b\u1ee5ng: U\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ecbn ti\u1ec3u 1 \u2013 2 gi\u1edd.
\nSi\u00eau \u00e2m qua ng\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng: l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5t th\u00e1o
\n4.3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/b>
\n– V\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean : t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u
\n– V\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m : gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

4.4. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd:<\/b>
\n4.4.1. Ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i TLT l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh:<\/b>
\n– TLT t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc
\n– th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ed1i ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf v\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp
\n– c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u00e8n \u00e9p trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean
\n4.4.2. K ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn :<\/b>
\n– Kh\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean
\n– Khi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n : h\u1ed3i \u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t do ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed, xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

4.4.3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c:<\/b>
\n– Vi\u00eam TLT: h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, k\u00e8m theo \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00f4i ho\u00e1 quanh ni\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1o.
\n– \u00c1p xe TLT: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, b\u1edd r\u00f5.
\n– S\u1ecfi TLT: c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng l\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u1edf \u1ed1ng TLT ho\u1eb7c nhu m\u00f4.<\/p>\n

5. B\u00ccU \u2013 TINH HO\u00c0N:<\/b>
\n5.1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/b>
\n– \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tinh ho\u00e0n
\n– Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n
\n– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01b0\u1edbu \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u00ean trong hay ngo\u00e0i tinh ho\u00e0n
\n– Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh ho\u00e0n, xo\u1eafn th\u1eebng tinh.
\n5.2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n:<\/b>
\nKh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.
\n5.3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/b>
\n– Tinh ho\u00e0n: gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t
\n– M\u00e0o tinh: \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0o tinh t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, th\u00e2n cho h\u1ed3i \u00e2m gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n tinh ho\u00e0n
\n– L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng: t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, c\u00f3 \u00edt d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa tinh ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

5.4. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd:<\/b>
\n5.4.1. Tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n:<\/b>
\n– K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tinh ho\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng
\n– Si\u00eau \u00e2m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u1eb9n (chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1), th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n trong xoang b\u1ee5ng (n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y: nghi ng\u1edd K ho\u00e1)
\n5.4.2. B\u01b0\u1edbu trong tinh ho\u00e0n:<\/b>
\n– B\u01b0\u1edbu \u00e1c t\u00ednh: th\u01b0\u1eddng cho h\u1ed3i \u00e2m gi\u1ea3m, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft, x\u01a1 ho\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c calci ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u00e2m d\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f3 h\u1ed3i \u00e2m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.
\n– B\u01b0\u1edbu l\u00e0nh t\u00ednh: th\u01b0\u1eddng cho h\u1ed3i \u00e2m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.
\n– Nang, s\u1ecfi tinh ho\u00e0n: hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p.
\n5.4.3. Tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch tinh m\u1ea1c:<\/b>
\nD\u1ecbch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1edbp t\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, t\u0103ng \u00e2m sau. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng hay xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft s\u1ebd l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch m\u1ea5t thu\u1ea7n tr\u1ea1ng.
\n\"[\u200bIMG]\"<\/a><\/p>\n

5.4.4. Vi\u00eam tinh ho\u00e0n:<\/b>
\n– K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tinh ho\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng.
\n– H\u1ed3i \u00e2m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t\/ kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t
\n– C\u00f3 l\u1edbp d\u1ecbch tinh m\u1ea1c do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng
\n– Da b\u00ecu d\u00e0y l\u00ean.
\n5.4.5. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c:<\/b>
\n– Vi\u00eam m\u00e0o tinh: m\u00e0o tinh l\u1edbn ra, gi\u1ea3m h\u1ed3i \u00e2m do ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng h\u1ed3i \u00e2m do x\u01a1 ho\u00e1.
\n– Xo\u1eafn th\u1eebng tinh: si\u00eau \u00e2m 2D kh\u00f4ng cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Doppler s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.
\n– Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh ho\u00e0n: m\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp bao tinh ho\u00e0n, c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i m\u00e1u t\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch \u1edf m\u00e0o tinh, tinh ho\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

*T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O:
\n1. Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ea3o Qu\u00e2n (2002), Si\u00eau \u00e2m b\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, NXB Y H\u1ecdc.
\n2. V\u0169 V\u0103n Ty (2002), B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u1eadn, ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n, b\u00e0ng quang, ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tinh ho\u00e0n.
\n3. Carol M. Rumack, Stephanie R. Wilson and J. William Charboneau (2005), Diagnostic Ultrasound 3rd edition, Elsevier Mosby.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n Mai *M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU: 1. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a si\u00eau \u00e2m trong kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u – sinh d\u1ee5c. 2. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh si\u00eau \u00e2m th\u1eadn – ni\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3n – b\u00e0ng quang – ti\u1ec1n li\u1ec7t tuy\u1ebfn – …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2617"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2618,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2617\/revisions\/2618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}