{"id":1706,"date":"2022-07-04T15:31:30","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T08:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/?p=1706"},"modified":"2022-07-04T15:31:30","modified_gmt":"2022-07-04T08:31:30","slug":"tai-lieu-dac-diem-giai-phau-sinh-ly-bo-phan-ho-hap-o-tre-em","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/tai-lieu-dac-diem-giai-phau-sinh-ly-bo-phan-ho-hap-o-tre-em\/","title":{"rendered":"[T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u] \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea9u sinh l\u00fd b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00c0NH CH\u00cdNH:<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc: Nhi khoa<\/li>\n
  2. T\u00ean h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n: Nhi c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/li>\n
  3. T\u00ean b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc:\u00a0\u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M GI\u1ea2I PH\u1ea8U SINH L\u00dd B\u1ed8 PH\u1eacN H\u00d4 H\u1ea4P TR\u1eba EM.<\/b><\/li>\n
  4. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Sinh vi\u00ean Y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean tu Y n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3.<\/li>\n
  5. Th\u1eddi gian: 1 ti\u1ebft<\/li>\n
  6. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m: gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
  7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n: Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc Lan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU<\/b>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea9u c\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em theo t\u1eebng l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
    2. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf, ki\u1ec3u th\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf tr\u1ebb em.<\/li>\n
    3. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec sao \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu oxy, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      N\u1ed8I DUNG:<\/b><\/p>\n

      B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed t\u1eeb m\u0169i, h\u1ecdng, thanh qu\u1ea3n, kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n, ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p tr\u1ebb em kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea9u v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M GI\u1ea2I PH\u1eaaU<\/b>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        1.1. M\u0169i<\/b>:<\/p>\n

        – \u1ede tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, m\u0169i v\u00e0 khoang h\u1ea7u ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, l\u1ed7 m\u0169i v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng m\u0169i h\u1eb9p l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u0169i b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u00edt t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

        – Ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i m\u1ecfng, m\u1ecbn, l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 r\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ni\u00eam d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n k\u00e9m, v\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m m\u0169i h\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

        – T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n m\u1ea1ch \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 5 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i \u00edt b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u cam.<\/p>\n

        – C\u00e1c xoang h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn 2 tu\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Xoang s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00fac m\u1edbi sinh nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. V\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf \u00edt khi b\u1ecb vi\u00eam xoang.<\/p>\n

        1.2. H\u1ecdng \u2013 H\u1ea7u:<\/b><\/p>\n

        – H\u1ecdng h\u1ea7u tr\u1ebb em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn, c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

        – H\u00ecnh ph\u1ec5u, h\u1eb9p, s\u1ee5n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 nh\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n

        – H\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec.<\/p>\n

        – D\u01b0\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i, h\u1ecdng tr\u1ebb trai v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 nhau. T\u1eeb 3 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf \u0111i, h\u1ecdng tr\u1ebb trai d\u00e0i h\u01a1n h\u1ecdng tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

        – Ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c h\u1ecdng ph\u1ee7 1 l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 r\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

        v\u00a0V\u00f2ng b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft Waldeyer:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

        G\u1ed3m c\u00f3:\u00a0<\/b>Amidan v\u00f2m (VA), amidan v\u00f2i, amidan kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1i, amidan d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee1i.<\/p>\n

        – Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb 4 \u2013 6 tu\u1ed5i cho \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec.<\/p>\n

        – \u1ede tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 tu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft \u00edt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y VA (amidan v\u00f2m) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

        – T\u1eeb 2 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, amidan kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

        – Khi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng. Th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00edt h\u01a1n, l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c s\u1ebd k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

        1.3. Thanh kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n:<\/b><\/p>\n

        – \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung: L\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00f2ng s\u1ee5n m\u1ec1m d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

        – Do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c thanh kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1, xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

        1.4. Ph\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n theo tu\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n

        1.4.1.\u00a0Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/i><\/b>\u00a0Ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh l\u00e0 50-60 gram, 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n, 12 tu\u1ed5i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi l\u00fac \u0111\u1ebb. Ph\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea5p 20 l\u1ea7n ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh.<\/p>\n

        1.4.2.\u00a0Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ph\u1ed5i<\/i><\/b>: t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh. Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh l\u00e0 65 – 67 ml, \u0111\u1ebfn 12 tu\u1ed5i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

        1.4.3.\u00a0Ph\u1ebf nang:<\/i><\/b>\u00a0T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ebf nang \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh l\u00e0 30 tri\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ebfn 8 tu\u1ed5i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n, \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00e0 600 – 700 tri\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

        1.4.4.\u00a0M\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u<\/i><\/b>: Ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb em nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i c\u01a1 nh\u1eb5n. V\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng co b\u00f3p l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u1ea5p thu c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch trong ph\u1ebf nang nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf \u00edt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 xung quanh c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf nang v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh mao m\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u1edf l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00ean l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c di \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m, tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb x\u1eb9p ph\u1ed5i, kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf th\u0169ng, gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf nang\u2026<\/p>\n

        1.4.5.\u00a0R\u1ed1n ph\u1ed5i<\/i><\/b>: G\u1ed3m ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c, th\u1ea7n kinh, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft \u1edf r\u1ed1n ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft \u1edf trung th\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f2n v\u00e0, c\u1ed5. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 xoang r\u1ed9ng, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c \u1edf ph\u1ed5i. V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0o \u1edf ph\u1ed5i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch \u1edf r\u1ed1n ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        H\u1ea1ch r\u1ed1n ph\u1ed5i chia l\u00e0m 4 nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n

        – Nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1ch kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

        – Nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1ch kh\u00ed \u2013 ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

        – Nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1ch ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        – Nh\u00f3m h\u1ea1ch \u1edf gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n chia \u0111\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

        1.5. M\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n

        – M\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh, r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n khi h\u00edt v\u00e0o s\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c khi tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch, tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        – Khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec l\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i d\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch d\u1ecbch, kh\u00ed \u1edf trong khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong trung th\u1ea5t. Trung th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo n\u00ean d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

        1.6.Trung th\u1ea5t:<\/b><\/p>\n

        Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00eda sau l\u00e0 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng, ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9c, ph\u00eda tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i bao b\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5i, ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a trung th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p tr\u1ea1ng, kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u1edbn, h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft, th\u1ea7n kinh (TK qu\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh qu\u1ea3n, TK ho\u00e0nh), c\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch, ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a cung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

        Ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi trung th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tim, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u, th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ea7n sau c\u1ee7a trung th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 TK ph\u1ebf v\u1ecb, TK giao c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

        Trung th\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 co gi\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

        1.7. L\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c:<\/b><\/p>\n

        H\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n

        – Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf:<\/p>\n

        \u00b7 Ng\u1eafn, h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang.<\/p>\n

        \u00b7 X\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u1eb1m ngang v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

        \u00b7 C\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh n\u1eb1m cao v\u00e0 c\u01a1 li\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

        Do v\u1eady khi tr\u1ebb th\u1edf, l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c \u00edt thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec sao tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i th\u1edf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

        \u1ede tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

        – Tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111i:<\/p>\n

        \u00b7 C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn ch\u1ebfch xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

        \u00b7 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngang c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c t\u0103ng nhanh v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau.<\/p>\n

        Do \u0111\u00f3 khi tr\u1ebb th\u1edf, l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c di \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, tr\u1ebb th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1edf ng\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M SINH L\u00dd:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          2.1.\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf:<\/b><\/p>\n

          – Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u0169i. Khi th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i n\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n khi th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n

          – Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed qua m\u0169i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch nh\u1edd c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea7y \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u0169i.<\/p>\n

          – Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb m\u0169i v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

          2.2.Nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf:<\/b><\/p>\n

          Tr\u1ebb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5i ngay sau khi \u0111\u1ebb, v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n rau thai ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

          Sau \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n l\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1edf v\u00e0o t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

          Theo Sankop, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1edf v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u1edf:<\/p>\n

          S\u01a1 sinh: 25 ml<\/p>\n

          1 tu\u1ed5i : 70 ml<\/p>\n

          4 tu\u1ed5i : 120 ml<\/p>\n

          8 tu\u1ed5i : 170 ml<\/p>\n

          14 tu\u1ed5i : 300 ml<\/p>\n

          Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn: 500 ml.<\/p>\n

          \u1ede tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n do trung t\u00e2m h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Tr\u1ebb th\u1edf l\u00fac nhanh, l\u00fac ch\u1eadm, l\u00fac n\u00f4ng, l\u00fac s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

          T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1edf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf tr\u1ebb em gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo tu\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n

          S\u01a1 sinh: 40 \u2013 60 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          3 th\u00e1ng : 40 \u2013 45 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          6 th\u00e1ng: 35 \u2013 40 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          1 tu\u1ed5i : 30 \u2013 35 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          3 tu\u1ed5i : 25 \u2013 30 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          6 tu\u1ed5i : 20 \u2013 25 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          12 tu\u1ed5i : 20 \u2013 22 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          15 tu\u1ed5i : 18 \u2013 20 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn: 15-16 l\u1ea7n\/ ph\u00fat<\/p>\n

          2.3.Ki\u1ec3u th\u1edf:<\/b><\/p>\n

          Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n

          – Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9: Th\u1edf b\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

          – Tr\u1ebb 2 tu\u1ed5i: Th\u1edf h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ng\u1ef1c – b\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

          – Tr\u1ebb 10 tu\u1ed5i: tr\u1ebb trai ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u1edf b\u1ee5ng, tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u1edf ng\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

          S\u1edf d\u0129 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 b\u00fa m\u1eb9 th\u1edf b\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 do l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m ngang, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 li\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

          2.4.Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf ph\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n

          Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

          – Tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed h\u00edt v\u00e0o trong 1 ph\u00fat (t\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3) g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, tr\u1ebb 10 tu\u1ed5i g\u1ea5p 1,5 l\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

          – S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy h\u1ea5p thu l\u00e0 10ml\/kg\/ph\u00fat \u1edf tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb l\u1edbn l\u00e0 4ml\/kg\/ph\u00fat. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi CO2 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 8 ml\/kg\/ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

          – Th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh l\u00e0 0,7 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00e0 0,89.<\/p>\n

          \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o oxy cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u00edch nghi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00ec tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

          – S\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i O2 v\u00e0 CO2 gi\u1eefa ph\u1ebf nang v\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ph\u00e2n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a O2 v\u00e0 CO2 \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

          – T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 O2 trong kh\u00ed ph\u1ebf nang \u1edf tr\u1ebb em cao h\u01a1n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 CO2 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

          – \u00c1p l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n O2 v\u00e0 CO2 \u1edf ph\u1ebf nang thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo tu\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n

          \u00b7 \u1ede tr\u1ebb b\u00fa m\u1eb9: 120 v\u00e0 21 mmHg.<\/p>\n

          \u00b7 Tr\u1ebb 15 tu\u1ed5i : 110 v\u00e0 38 mmHg.<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ed9 CO2\u2026), do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ebb em d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

          2.5. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p:<\/b><\/p>\n

          C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo quy lu\u1eadt sinh l\u00fd nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eefng c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u do trung t\u00e2m h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u1eb1m \u1edf h\u00e0nh t\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

          \u1ede tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, v\u1ecf n\u00e3o v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00ean tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf: th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1n ng\u01b0ng th\u1edf ho\u1eb7c th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

          K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN:<\/b><\/p>\n

          \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, trong khi nhu c\u1ea7u oxy \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao h\u01a1n n\u00ean tr\u1ebb em d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu oxy.<\/p>\n

          Do t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5i ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a, \u00edt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft n\u00ean d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y x\u1eb9p ph\u1ed5i, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ph\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

          Do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea9u, sinh l\u00fd b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p tr\u00ean n\u00ean tr\u1ebb em, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

          Ngo\u00e0i ra do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p trong b\u00e0o thai v\u00e0 sau khi sinh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebb non ho\u1eb7c m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00e0o thai v\u00e0 trong ho\u1eb7c ngay sau khi sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c \u1edf ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

          T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/b><\/p>\n

          1. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Nhi Khoa t\u1eadp 1, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Y h\u1ecdc, n\u0103m 2013, 2009.<\/p>\n

          2. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Nhi khoa t\u1eadp 1, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Y H\u1ecdc chi nh\u00e1nh TP HCM, n\u0103m 2004.<\/p>\n

          3. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam – H\u00e0 Lan 1999.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          H\u00c0NH CH\u00cdNH: T\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc: Nhi khoa T\u00ean h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n: Nhi c\u01a1 s\u1edf T\u00ean b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc:\u00a0\u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M GI\u1ea2I PH\u1ea8U SINH L\u00dd B\u1ed8 PH\u1eacN H\u00d4 H\u1ea4P TR\u1eba EM. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Sinh vi\u00ean Y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean tu Y n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3. Th\u1eddi gian: 1 ti\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m: gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n: Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":1014,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,69],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-nhi-khoa","category-nhi-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1706"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1707,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions\/1707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1014"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}