H\u00c0NH CH\u00cdNH:<\/b><\/p>\n
1. T\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc: Nhi khoa<\/p>\n
2. T\u00ean t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp:\u00a0S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ea4T T\u00c2M TH\u1ea6N V\u1eacN \u0110\u1ed8NG \u1ede TR\u1eba EM<\/b><\/p>\n
3. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng : L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/p>\n
4. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Sinh vi\u00ean Y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4, chuy\u00ean tu y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3.<\/p>\n
5. Th\u1eddi gian: 2 ti\u1ebft<\/p>\n
6. \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m: gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
7. H\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean: Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc Lan<\/p>\n
M\u1ee4C TI\u00caU:<\/b><\/p>\n
1. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng, chi\u1ec1u cao, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng c\u00e1nh tay theo tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
2. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n
3. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb qua c\u00e1c l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n
N\u1ed8I DUNG:<\/b><\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
1. S\u1ef0 T\u0102NG TR\u01af\u1edeNG V\u1ec0 TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ea4T<\/b>:<\/p>\n
Tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb khi tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh hoc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n
1.1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/b>:<\/p>\n
–\u00a0T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/i><\/b>\u00a0(growth) l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
–\u00a0Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/i><\/b>\u00a0(development) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 sinh l\u00fd, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o: c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1eafc (tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i\/cao, chu vi c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3); tu\u1ed5i x\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t h\u00f3a); s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau nh\u00e2n tr\u1eafc li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
1.2. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00fc\u00a0Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00e0o thai<\/b>: ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a di truy\u1ec1n, dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a rau thai. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n
– Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i thai < 6 th\u00e1ng = (s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng)2<\/p>\n
– Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i thai > 6 th\u00e1ng = s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng x 5 (cm)<\/p>\n
Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau (Ngu\u1ed3n: t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb C\u1ea9m nang ch\u0103m s\u00f3c B\u00e0 m\u1eb9 & Tr\u1ebb em \u2013 Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Tr\u1ebb)<\/p>\n
Tu\u1ea7n thai<\/p>\n
12<\/p>\n
16<\/p>\n
20<\/p>\n
24<\/p>\n
28<\/p>\n
32<\/p>\n
36<\/p>\n
40<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i<\/p>\n
6,5cm<\/p>\n
16cm<\/p>\n
25cm<\/p>\n
33cm<\/p>\n
37cm<\/p>\n
40,5cm<\/p>\n
46cm<\/p>\n
51cm<\/p>\n
Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n
18g<\/p>\n
135g<\/p>\n
340g<\/p>\n
570g<\/p>\n
900g \u2013 1kg<\/p>\n
1,6kg<\/p>\n
2,5kg<\/p>\n
3,4kg<\/p>\n
\u00fc\u00a0Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh<\/b>\u00a0\u0111\u1ee7 th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i trung b\u00ecnh 48 \u2013 50 cm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng 3000 \u00b1 300gr. C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a con d\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n con so, con trai th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n con g\u00e1i.<\/p>\n
\u00fc\u00a0Tr\u1ebb nh\u0169 nhi<\/b>: 2 \u2013 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u sau sinh l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 nhanh. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao<\/i><\/b>:<\/p>\n
– 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u: t\u0103ng 3 \u2013 3,5 cm\/th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
– 3 th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo: t\u0103ng 2 cm\/th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n
– 6 th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u: t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 \u2013 1,5 cm\/th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
V\u1eady trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng th\u00eam 25 cm, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 2 t\u0103ng 12cm, v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 8cm.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng<\/i><\/b>: trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh:<\/p>\n
– 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u: t\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh 600 \u2013 700g\/th\u00e1ng<\/p>\n
– 6 th\u00e1ng sau: t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 400 \u2013 500g\/ th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd t\u0103ng c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 \u2013 5 th\u00e1ng, g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng l\u00fac sinh khi 12 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m th\u1ee9 2 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 5 tu\u1ed5i: b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m t\u0103ng 2kg.<\/p>\n
\u00fc\u00a0Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/b>: s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hormone t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i n\u0103m chi\u1ec1u cao t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 cm v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 1,5 \u2013 2kg.<\/p>\n
X (cm) = 75 + 5 . (N \u2013 1)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb > 1 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n
P (kg) = 9 + 1,5 . ( N \u2013 1)<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb 1 \u2013 9 tu\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n
\u00fc\u00a0Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eady th\u00ec<\/b>: c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt\u201d v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 1 \u2013 2 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng 8 \u2013 12 cm\/n\u0103m n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb trai 1kg. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb 12 \u2013 14 tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb trai (do tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i d\u1eady th\u00ec s\u1edbm h\u01a1n), trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng t\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh 3 \u2013 4 kg\/n\u0103m \u1edf tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i v\u00e0 4 \u2013 5kg\/n\u0103m \u1edf tr\u1ebb trai.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb 10 \u2013 15 tu\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n
P (kg) = 21 + 4 . (N \u2013 10)<\/b><\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u0103m n\u00e0o tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i cho n\u00ean cha m\u1eb9 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho tr\u1ebb su\u1ed1t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u cao. Sau d\u1eady th\u00ec, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u00e9 t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u cao r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n
1.3. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb em th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng, chi\u1ec1u cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb l\u00fac l\u1ecdt l\u00f2ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3ng chu\u1ea9n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i<\/b><\/p>\n
Gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng<\/b><\/p>\n
Chi\u1ec1u cao<\/b><\/p>\n
Tr\u1ebb v\u1eeba sinh ra<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
3,3kg<\/p>\n
49,9cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
3,2kg<\/p>\n
49,1cm<\/p>\n
6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
7,9kg<\/p>\n
67,6cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
7,3kg<\/p>\n
65,7cm<\/p>\n
1 tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
9,6kg<\/p>\n
75,7cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
8,9kg<\/p>\n
74cm<\/p>\n
18 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
10,9kg<\/p>\n
82,3cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
10,2kg<\/p>\n
80,7cm<\/p>\n
24 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
12,2kg<\/p>\n
87,8cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
11,5kg<\/p>\n
86,4cm<\/p>\n
36 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
14,3kg<\/p>\n
96,1cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
13,9kg<\/p>\n
95,1cm<\/p>\n
42 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
15,3kg<\/p>\n
99,9cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
15kg<\/p>\n
99cm<\/p>\n
48 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
16,3kg<\/p>\n
103,3cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
16,1kg<\/p>\n
102,7cm<\/p>\n
54 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
17,3kg<\/p>\n
106,3cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
17,2kg<\/p>\n
106,2cm<\/p>\n
60 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 trai<\/p>\n
18,3kg<\/p>\n
110 cm<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 g\u00e1i<\/p>\n
18,2kg<\/p>\n
109,4cm<\/p>\n
Th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i Nhi khoa Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em VN v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 13\/11\/2007, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n
Theo Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nhi khoa VN, hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tr\u1ebb em Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y (t\u1eadp chung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb). Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf tr\u1ebb (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n) v\u1eabn c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc, suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng do thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0: d\u1ea7u, m\u1ee1, vitamin c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edbm b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p b\u00e9, nh\u1eb9 c\u00e2n khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i chung.<\/p>\n
1.4. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 v\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c \u2013 v\u00f2ng c\u00e1nh tay:<\/b><\/p>\n
1.4.1. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/b><\/p>\n
Khi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb, tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 30 – 32cm. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 44 \u2013 46 cm. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 15cm, trong \u0111\u00f3 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 3cm\/th\u00e1ng. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 2 v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m t\u0103ng 2cm. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m t\u0103ng 0,5 \u2013 1cm; \u0111\u1ebfn 5 tu\u1ed5i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 49 \u2013 50cm; 10 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 51cm; 15 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 53 \u2013 54cm.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ebb 1 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao:<\/p>\n
PC = T\/2 + 10<\/b><\/p>\n
PC: v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u T: chi\u1ec1u cao<\/p>\n
1.4.2. V\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c:<\/b><\/p>\n
– S\u01a1 sinh: v\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 1 \u2013 2cm. Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 30cm.<\/p>\n
– 2 \u2013 3 tu\u1ed5i v\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
– Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
1.4.3. V\u00f2ng c\u00e1nh tay:<\/b><\/p>\n
– 1 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, chu vi v\u00f2ng c\u00e1nh tay x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 11cm.<\/p>\n
– 1 tu\u1ed5i: \u0111\u1ea1t 13,5cm.<\/p>\n
– 5 tu\u1ed5i: kho\u1ea3ng 15cm.<\/p>\n
V\u1eady n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb 1 \u2013 5 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00f2ng c\u00e1nh tay < 12,5cm l\u00e0 b\u1ecb suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n
1.5. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
M\u1ea7m r\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o thai. Tr\u1ebb kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdc r\u0103ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 6, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m m\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8 c\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ebfn 24 th\u00e1ng th\u00ec m\u1ecdc h\u1ebft r\u0103ng s\u1eefa. S\u1ed1 r\u0103ng s\u1eefa l\u00e0 20 c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 r\u0103ng s\u1eefa \u1edf tr\u1ebb < 2 tu\u1ed5i:\u00a0s\u1ed1 r\u0103ng = s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng \u2013 4<\/b>.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb 6 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf \u0111i, r\u0103ng s\u1eefa r\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 32.<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eddi gian m\u1ecdc r\u0103ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, \u0103n k\u00e9m\u2026<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 r\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00f2i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho r\u0103ng m\u1ecdc ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n
1.6. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t:<\/b><\/p>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
1.6.1. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Di truy\u1ec1n: gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, gen, c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea9m sinh<\/p>\n
– C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn y\u00ean, tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p, t\u1ee5y, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadn, sinh d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, th\u1eadn, th\u1ea7n kinh, n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, tim m\u1ea1ch\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n
1.6.2. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3:<\/b><\/p>\n
– S\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sinh.<\/p>\n
– B\u00e0 m\u1eb9 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c con.<\/p>\n
– \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n
– Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: tr\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng c\u00e2n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u00e1t m\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
– C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
– Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
2. S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N T\u00c2M TH\u1ea6N \u2013 V\u1eacN \u0110\u1ed8NG \u1ede TR\u1eba EM.<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhanh trong 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qua quan s\u00e1t, theo d\u00f5i 4 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n
– C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
– S\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
– S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n
– Quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n
2.1. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh:<\/b><\/p>\n
– V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 do trung t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ecf chi ph\u1ed1i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n
– T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda: \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i, khu\u1ef7u tay g\u1ea5p trong, h\u00f4ng g\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ra ngo\u00e0i. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p: ch\u1eadu h\u00f4ng n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i g\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ee5ng. Trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf treo ngang b\u1ee5ng: \u0111\u1ea7u r\u0169 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
– T\u1eeb 2 \u2013 3 tu\u1ea7n: tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn theo m\u1eb9, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1c m\u1eaft sinh l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
– Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c, tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, vu\u1ed1t ve v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00e2u y\u1ebfm t\u1ea1o cho tr\u1ebb s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
– C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sau:<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u00fa: h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00fac thai kho\u1ea3ng 7 \u2013 8 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 Moro: c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1eaft ch\u1ed9p. Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1ebb 5 \u2013 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ea7m n\u1eafm: ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 2 th\u00e1ng. Tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebb non bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 Root: ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 4 \u0111i\u1ec3m, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00fa m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n
\u00b7 Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh tuy ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nghe n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh. Nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfm, ngay sau khi \u0111\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng m\u00e0 th\u00edch v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt. Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00fa m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n
2.2. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 2 \u2013 3 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
– H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i.<\/p>\n
– T\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eebng l\u00fac, khung ch\u1eadu du\u1ed7i r\u1ed9ng, h\u00f4ng du\u1ed7i g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eaby \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda sang n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ee9ng, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a tay v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng, nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm, m\u1edf v\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u00e0n tay.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft h\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec7n, m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m l\u00edu lo, m\u1eaft bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn theo v\u1eadt s\u00e1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb kh\u00f3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
– Th\u1eddi gian th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u01a1i t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
2.3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 4 \u2013 5 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00e1ch<\/p>\n
– L\u1eaby \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ng\u1eeda \u2192 s\u1ea5p, s\u1ea5p \u2192 ng\u1eeda (khi 5 th\u00e1ng)<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4i, mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb nhanh nh\u1eb9n h\u01a1n, th\u00edch c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f9a, c\u01b0\u1eddi reo th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng. Tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn theo \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, th\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. Th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00f9ng v\u1eaby tay ch\u00e2n. Ham th\u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, th\u00edch ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u00e2m, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n
2.4. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 6 \u2013 9 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
–\u00a0Tr\u1ebb 6 th\u00e1ng:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft ng\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a v\u1eefng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xung quanh. Khi n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p bi\u1ebft xoay tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddn l\u1eadt, h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1ea9m sinh.<\/p>\n
– C\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay, bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n
– B\u1eadp b\u1eb9 c\u00e1c \u00e2m ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: ba, ma, da\u2026<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft nh\u1eadn m\u1eb7t m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen.<\/p>\n
–\u00a0Tr\u1ebb 7 \u2013 8 th\u00e1ng:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
– T\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
– C\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt \u1edf 2 tay, chuy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb tay n\u00e0y sang tay kia, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt v\u00e0o nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u1ebb th\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t ra ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7m b\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng, v\u1eaby tay ch\u00e0o, v\u1ed7 tay.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1 quen.<\/p>\n
– Ph\u00e1t \u00e2m l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i hai \u00e2m ti\u1ebft: baba, mama, m\u0103m m\u0103m\u2026<\/p>\n
–\u00a0Tr\u1ebb 9 th\u00e1ng:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
– B\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n tay, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
– B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n
– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb7t v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac vui m\u1eebng, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft v\u1eaby tay ch\u00e0o, v\u1ed7 tay hoan h\u00f4.<\/p>\n
2.5. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 10 \u2013 12 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ecbn v\u1eefng, th\u00edch \u0111i men theo m\u00e9p c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n
– T\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n
– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eaft.<\/p>\n
– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f3n tay d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n
– Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ra hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u, g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 tay, x\u00f2e tay xin..<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft v\u1eaby tay t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t, h\u00f4n gi\u00f3, khoanh tay c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1eafc l\u01b0 khi nghe nh\u1ea1c\u2026<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb n\u00f3i baba, mama, b\u00e0 b\u00e0\u2026 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ai. B\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00e2m thanh l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
– Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa m\u1eaft v\u00e0 tay hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt \u0111ang ch\u01a1i b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
– Nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n
2.6. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 13 \u2013 15 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
– \u0110i men gi\u1ecfi, t\u1ef1 \u0111i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft m\u1edf h\u1ed9p, bi\u1ebft x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng 2 kh\u1ed1i vu\u00f4ng, v\u1ebd ngh\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n
– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f3n tay d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eb7t v\u1eadt tr\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf, x\u00fac c\u01a1m n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft ch\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i k\u00e9o \u0111i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea9y theo.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n
– Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, c\u00e2u m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i 4 \u2013 6 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
2.7. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 16 \u2013 24 th\u00e1ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft \u0111i v\u1eefng, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, bi\u1ebft nh\u00ecn ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i, bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n
– B\u00e0n tay, ng\u00f3n tay ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o h\u01a1n. T\u1ef1 c\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ef1 x\u00fac c\u01a1m, \u0111i d\u00e9p, c\u1ea7m b\u00fat v\u1ebd tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf h\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n
– Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3: m\u1eaft, m\u0169i, tai, \u0111\u1ea7u\u2026<\/p>\n
– B\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u00e2u g\u1ed3m 2 t\u1eeb, bi\u1ebft g\u1ecdi khi \u0111i \u0111\u00e1i \u1ec9a.<\/p>\n
2.8. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb 2 tu\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Ch\u1ea1y v\u1eefng d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
– L\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7u thang khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eaft.<\/p>\n
– B\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1eeba. T\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. Th\u00edch x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i c\u00e2u 2 \u2013 3 t\u1eeb, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111i v\u1ec7 sinh, s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb phong ph\u00fa d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
– B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy ngh\u0129, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ebb nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 quan.<\/p>\n
2.9. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 2 \u2013 3 tu\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Ch\u1ea1y nhanh, leo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc c\u1eeda, \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xe 3 b\u00e1nh, nh\u1ea3y t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, n\u00e9m b\u00f3ng cao tay.<\/p>\n
– V\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n
– T\u1ef1 r\u1eeda tay v\u00e0 lau kh\u00f4, t\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 250 t\u1eeb, bi\u1ebft g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e0u. H\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t \u00edt b\u00e0i h\u00e1t ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n
– Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, th\u00edch m\u00faa h\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
2.10. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 4 \u2013 6 tu\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n
– \u0110\u00f4i tay kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o: c\u1ea7m k\u00e9o, n\u1eb7n, v\u1ebd\u2026 V\u1ebd h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi 3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng th\u00e1p cao.<\/p>\n
– \u0110i l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u thang d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n xe 3 b\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n
– T\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng. Bi\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c d\u00e2y gi\u00e0y, bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7m \u0111\u0169a, c\u1ea7m dao.<\/p>\n
– N\u00f3i th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u d\u00e0i, th\u00edch nghe k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1, nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e0, s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 trong tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n
– Th\u00edch t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, th\u00edch ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
2.11. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 6 \u2013 18 tu\u1ed5i:<\/b><\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i h\u1ecdc l\u00fac 6 tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
– Tr\u1ebb bi\u1ebft ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, t\u1eadp trung ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n
– Bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc chung c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n
– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
– Tu\u1ed5i 11 \u2013 15, c\u00f3 khi s\u1edbm h\u01a1n: tr\u1ebb tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tr\u1ebb g\u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kinh nguy\u1ec7t, tr\u1ebb trai b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t tinh; v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng cao, c\u00e1i t\u00f4i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n cao, b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/b><\/p>\n
1. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Nhi Khoa t\u1eadp 1, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Y h\u1ecdc, n\u0103m 2009.<\/p>\n
2. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Nhi khoa t\u1eadp 1, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Y H\u1ecdc chi nh\u00e1nh TP HCM, n\u0103m 2004.<\/p>\n
3. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam – H\u00e0 Lan 1999.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u00c0NH CH\u00cdNH: 1. T\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc: Nhi khoa 2. T\u00ean t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp:\u00a0S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ea4T T\u00c2M TH\u1ea6N V\u1eacN \u0110\u1ed8NG \u1ede TR\u1eba EM 3. B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng : L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft 4. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Sinh vi\u00ean Y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4, chuy\u00ean tu y khoa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3. 5. Th\u1eddi gian: 2 ti\u1ebft 6. \u0110\u1ecba …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":1014,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,69],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-nhi-khoa","category-nhi-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1700"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1700\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1701,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1700\/revisions\/1701"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1014"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}