{"id":1113,"date":"2022-05-05T20:30:28","date_gmt":"2022-05-05T13:30:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/?p=1113"},"modified":"2022-05-05T20:41:50","modified_gmt":"2022-05-05T13:41:50","slug":"tong-hop-de-thi-kinh-nghiem-hoc-tap-y2-chuong-trinh-moi-yk18a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ykhoataynguyen.com\/site\/tong-hop-de-thi-kinh-nghiem-hoc-tap-y2-chuong-trinh-moi-yk18a4\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec1 thi + Kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp Y2 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi – YK18A4"},"content":{"rendered":"

Xin ch\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn post n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc post \u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Y2 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang h\u00f4ng nh\u1ec9!? C\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, anh ch\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00f9a thi c\u1eed \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i n\u00e8.<\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m 2 n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc C\u01a1 s\u1edf r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u0103m h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i L\u00e2m s\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a khoa Y n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i t\u1eeb K17 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc n\u00f3 v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00ean ngo\u00e0i post n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i tr\u00ean nhie. ^^<\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m 2 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp Y khoa K18A4 t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh, t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc 2 k\u00ec: k\u00ec 1 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u201cT\u1ee9 sinh\u201d (Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc 1, H\u00f3a sinh, Vi sinh, K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng), v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng 1; k\u00ec 2 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu 2, M\u00f4 ph\u00f4i, Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc 2, T\u00e2m l\u00fd y h\u1ecdc \u2013 Y \u0111\u1ee9c, Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng). V\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch 2 k\u00ec h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nhan.<\/p>\n

\u1ede k\u00ec 1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh, t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 T\u1ee9 sinh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/b>\u200b<\/div>\n

*Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc 1:<\/b><\/i>
\nV\u1ec1 Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc 1, m\u00f4n n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 6 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng:
\n– Sinh l\u00fd t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, Sinh l\u00fd h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 Sinh l\u00fd ti\u00eau h\u00f3a s\u1ebd do th\u1ea7y Luy\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Khi h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ghi ch\u00e9p th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu ch\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ghi \u00e2m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 repeat v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 nghe kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, b\u1edfi khi thi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft theo l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng, ch\u1ee9 vi\u1ebft theo s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u00e1ch kia th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi \u0111ang h\u1ecdc, th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 k\u00e8m \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u01a1 tay, ch\u1ee9 h\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u00eau l\u00ean h\u1ecfi, m\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5y.
\n– Sinh l\u00fd m\u00e1u, sinh l\u00fd tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd th\u1eadn s\u1ebd do c\u00f4 Kim H\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1y. Khi c\u00f4 d\u1ea1y, c\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4 n\u00f3i v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean slide \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. V\u1eady n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ee1 ng\u1ee1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc qua s\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nghe gi\u1ea3ng. Trong khi nghe gi\u1ea3ng, c\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng hay gi\u1ea3ng theo slide, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p ph\u1ea7n Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t hay, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u sau n\u00e0y, n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 m\u00e0 note l\u1ea1i nh\u00e9.
\nM\u00f4n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i hay ch\u01b0a, nh\u01b0ng theo m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd th\u00ec v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng 19 c\u00e2u ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ec7m photo, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u00e2u th\u00eam b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd nho nh\u1ecf. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, sau m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 xem b\u00e0i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i lu\u00f4n, b\u1edfi xui xui l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea5y. :3<\/p>\n

M\u00f4n n\u00e0y Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng d\u1ec5, m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u1ed9p. C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1edfi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung thi \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a K18 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean 30%, n\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m thi Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p th\u00ec x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 nhan, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ghi ch\u00e9p th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi \u00e2m l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp nh\u00e9, b\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc 1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh. \u00c0 m\u00e0 qu\u00ean, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1edbt m\u00f4n n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi r\u1edbt m\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed Sinh l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh \u2013 Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Y3 \u0111\u1ea5y nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 1: C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o? Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n qua lipid c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o? T\u1ea1i sao ion kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n qua lipid? \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n 1 ch\u1ea5t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n qua lipid k\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng.
\nC\u00e2u 2: C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u1ea7u th\u1eadn? Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1ecdc, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ecdc, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng? V\u00ec sao trong d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

*H\u00f3a sinh<\/i><\/b>
\nM\u00f4n ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 H\u00f3a sinh. \u00d4i d\u00e0o \u00f4i, m\u00f4n n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u00f4n khoai nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 2 r\u1ed3i. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u1edb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng enzyme m\u1ed9t, b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n sai 1 enzyme th\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea5y. Hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi n\u1ed9i dung \u00f4n t\u1eadp, g\u1ed3m 45 c\u00e2u. V\u1eady n\u00ean, m\u00f4n n\u00e0y sau m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng theo c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb slide, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc lu\u00f4n, ch\u1ee9 h\u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i chu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ki\u1ebfm th\u00eam 1 counterpart \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u00f4n t\u00ean c\u00e1c enzyme nh\u00e9. M\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u00f4n n\u00e0y trong slide b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n g\u1eedi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n sai ch\u01b0a ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u00f4 qu\u00ean s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i =)))) , m\u00e0 thi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4n n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9 m\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eebng d\u1ea1i c\u00fap h\u1ecdc nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u00f4n n\u00e0y khoa Y m\u00ecnh r\u1edbt H\u00f3a sinh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 1 tip be b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec3 qua m\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e3 ra thi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 2 ph\u1ea7n Glucid v\u00e0 Lipid, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111a s\u1ed1 ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 2-3 tr\u00ean 4 c\u00e2u trong 2 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, n\u00ean h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qua m\u00f4n nh\u00e9.
\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 file N\u1ed9i dung \u00f4n t\u1eadp do b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n g\u1eedi:
\nhttps:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1bL5nrGiSsIdP–ZXBcbBFvdwnonsXWc8\/view?usp=sharing<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh H\u00f3a sinh th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Thi Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i 3 c\u00e2u trong 15 ph\u00fat, trong \u0111\u00f3 2 c\u00e2u L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 1 c\u00e2u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu T\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n thi Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a H\u00f3a sinh \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 15% t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m, n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu target qua m\u00f4n n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u1ecdc L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft k\u0129 x\u00edu nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh. R\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u00ecnh ra \u0111\u1ebfn 3 c\u00e2u Glucid, n\u00ean \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ecdc t\u1ee7 m\u00f4n n\u00e0y nh\u00e9, h\u00f4ng l\u00e0 r\u1edbt nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5y :3\u200b<\/div>\n

C\u00e2u 1: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y :
\n– T\u1ed5ng quan tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a glucid
\n– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1i h\u00f2a t\u1eeb Glycogen –> Glucose
\nC\u00e2u 2: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a Glucose theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hexosemonophosphate.
\nC\u00e2u 3: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y :
\n– Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Glucid d\u1ef1a theo c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc
\n– C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a 3 lo\u1ea1i Polysaccarid th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0: Tinh b\u1ed9t, Glycogen v\u00e0 Cellulose
\nC\u00e2u 4 : S\u1ef1 phosphoryl v\u00e0 kh\u1eed Phosphoryl
\n– Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft phosphate.
\n– Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

*Vi sinh<\/i><\/b>
\nM\u00f3n \u0103n ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 Vi sinh.
\nM\u00f4n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u00f4n c\u00f3 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 k\u00ec n\u00e0y t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc 7 m\u00f4n th\u00ec h\u1ebft 6 m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00ean l\u1ecbch d\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp th\u1edf, m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 d\u1ea1y c\u0169ng \u0111u\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i chu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, th\u00ec tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t k\u0129, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 xin slide c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc theo. \u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m 63 c\u00e2u c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 h\u1ecdc theo. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 c\u00e1i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 qu\u00ean, d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c virus kh\u00e1c nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 khi \u00f4n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u00f4n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f4 ph\u00f2ng thi tr\u00e1nh cho ch\u1eef n\u00f3 bay \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u ch\u01a1i m\u1ea5t ti\u00eau nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u00e1, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 d\u1ea1y tr\u00ean l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o thi \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 n\u00ean h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u00e9. B\u1edfi n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c b\u00e0i c\u00f4 s\u1ebd qu\u00e1t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. C\u00f2n h\u1ecdc Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, thi s\u1ebd thi theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea1y b\u00e0n, kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh thi 10 tr\u1ea1m, m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m 30s, nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sang kh\u00f3a l\u1edbp K18A1, A2 l\u00e0 20 tr\u1ea1m r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e2u h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i dung \u00f4n t\u1eadp c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7m photo n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh:\u200b<\/div>\n

C\u00e2u 1: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n
\nC\u00e2u 2: N\u00eau c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Pili.
\nC\u00e2u 3: N\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a T\u1ee5 C\u1ea7u .
\nC\u00e2u 4: N\u00eau c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Ph\u1ebf C\u1ea7u, Li\u00ean C\u1ea7u ,T\u1ee5 C\u1ea7u tr\u00ean ti\u00eau b\u1ea3n nhu\u1ed9m Gram .
\nC\u00e2u 5: N\u00eau c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Virus C\u00fam.<\/p>\n

*K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng<\/i><\/b>
\nM\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u01a1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong b\u1ed9 \u201cT\u1ee9 sinh\u201d l\u00e0 K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng.
\nV\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, to\u00e0n kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh do th\u1ea7y Quang gi\u1ea3ng. Khi tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m slide thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh theo b\u00e0i, n\u00ean \u0111i h\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. C\u01a1 m\u00e0, v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc KST v\u00e0o HK2 th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng 49 c\u00e2u, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 xin b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n n\u1ed9i dung \u00f4n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4n thi s\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Vi sinh, KST c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thi theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea1y b\u00e0n, 20 tr\u1ea1m \u2013 30s. Khi \u0111i TH, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u bu\u1ed5i (c\u00f3 d\u00f2 b\u00e0i n\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 1 s\u1eb9o v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m 30% \u0111\u1ea5y), sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd cho nh\u00ecn k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u00ean danh ph\u00e1p c\u00e1c KST b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Latinh ngay l\u00fac h\u1ecdc l\u00fac nh\u00e9, b\u1edfi khi \u0111i thi, B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00ecn k\u00ednh v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng La tinh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Ti\u1ebfng vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: vi\u1ebft Ascaris lumbricoides ch\u1ee9 vi\u1ebft Giun \u0111\u0169a l\u00e0 bye \u0111\u1ea5y =)))))). Thi Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd thi 20 tr\u1ea1m, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m 15 \u2013 16 tr\u1ea1m nh\u00ecn k\u00ednh v\u00e0 4 \u2013 5 tr\u1ea1m l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u00fa \u00fd xem k\u00ednh cho k\u0129 l\u1eabn \u00f4n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

*\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/i><\/b>
\nV\u1eabn ch\u01b0a tha chu\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.
\nM\u00f4n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n khi \u0111i L\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1eadt k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng chu \u0111\u00e1o xiu x\u00edu. C\u00f2n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec \u1edf kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh c\u00e1c c\u00f4 s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc h\u1ebft s\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00f4i\u2026 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 khoai nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 l\u1eafm \u0111\u00e2u ^^<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh:\u200b<\/div>\n

YK18A3
\nC\u00e2u 1: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eam truy\u1ec1n dung d\u1ecbch.
\nC\u00e2u 2: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, x\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u trong.
\nC\u00e2u 3: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh l\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung khi theo d\u00f5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

YK18A4
\nC\u00e2u 1: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i g\u1eaby x\u01b0\u01a1ng.
\nC\u00e2u 2: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u.
\nC\u00e2u 3: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh l\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung khi theo d\u00f5i m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

\n
Sang k\u00ec 2, ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi 3 ch\u1ec9, 4 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4i.<\/b>\u200b<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

*Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu 2<\/i><\/b>
\n\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu 2. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y th\u00ec eo \u00f4i, n\u00f3 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc qua b\u00e0i, \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00ean xem l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e9. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y n\u00ean h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi 2 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1ee7, v\u00ec kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e8 \u201cc\u1eafn l\u01b0\u1ee1i\u201d ch\u1ebft nguy\u00ean kh\u00f3a r\u1ed3i. Trong l\u00fac h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh ra v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb. M\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean Youtube c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t hay v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u (nh\u01b0 c\u00f4 Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a CTUMP hay th\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a PNT), n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 1 ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. \u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec theo nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi kh\u00f3a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed5i ra sao th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u1eed li\u00ean h\u1ec7 b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 xin n\u1ed9i dung \u00f4n t\u1eadp nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5i m\u00ecnh:\u200b<\/div>\n

C\u00e2u 1: Li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a t\u00e1 tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ee5y. V\u1ebd h\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda.
\nC\u00e2u 2: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i: c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u1ea7n kinh chi ph\u1ed1i?<\/p>\n

*M\u00f4 ph\u00f4i<\/i><\/b>
\nTi\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u00f3n M\u00f4 ph\u00f4i. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u1ea3 L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111i Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f3.
\n\u1ede m\u00f4n n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 2 ph\u1ea7n: M\u00f4 v\u00e0 Ph\u00f4i. \u1ede kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh do 3 c\u00f4 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch: c\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Ng\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n M\u00f4 t\u1eeb B\u00e0i M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ni\u1ec7u, c\u00f4 H\u1ed3ng Ng\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n M\u00f4 t\u1eeb H\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft M\u00f4 v\u00e0 Ph\u00f4i \u1edf 2 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 B\u00edch D\u00e2n gi\u1ea3ng. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 cho, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nghe gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp th\u1eadt k\u0129, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00f4i. Khi tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 nghe gi\u1ea3ng, ghi \u00e2m, ch\u1ee5p slide l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u1ede ph\u1ea7n Ph\u00f4i thai h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t hay nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c quan, sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i v\u00e0 cute, th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n khi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc k\u00e8m h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd trong cu\u1ed1n b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c video tr\u00ean Youtube. M\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn k\u00eanh Youtube c\u1ee7a anh V\u01b0\u1ee3ng K14 YDS v\u00ec video c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sub r\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e8m theo l\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a An Coong n\u1eefa, n\u00ean c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t chi l\u00e0 chill ^^
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